The core principle of the children's arterial injection model is to simulate the anatomical structure and puncture feel of children's arteries through simulation materials and an internal liquid circulation system. The model usually adopts soft silicone skin and elastic tissue layers, with replaceable simulated arterial vascular tubes implanted inside. The size and depth are both based on the actual anatomical proportions of children, allowing trainees to experience palpation and puncture feedback that are closer to clinical practice. The pipeline is connected with a pressure pump or a gravity circulation system to form a stable "arterial pulsation" and simulate the effect of blood flow. When the needle is inserted correctly, the trainee can observe the blood return, which helps to determine whether the puncture is successful.

Through this simulation principle, learners can practice the procedures of arterial puncture, blood collection, fixation and aseptic operation, and gradually master the clinical characteristics of children's arteries being thin and prone to collapse, enhancing the accuracy and safety awareness of the operation. The model structure can be reused, which helps to improve the quality of training in a risk-free environment.